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真空断路器发展简史
真空断路器发展简史
A brief history of the development of vacuum circuit breaker
1893年，美国的里顿豪斯提出了结构简单的真空灭弧室，并获得了设计专利。1920年瑞典佛加公司第一次制成了真空开关。1926年等公布的研究成果也显示了在真空中分断电流的可能性，但因分断能力小，又受到真空技术和真空材料发展水平的限制，尚不能投入实际使用。随着真空技术的发展，50年代美国才制成第一批适用于切断电容器组等特殊要求的真空开关,分断电流尚停在4千安的水平。由于真空材料冶炼技术上的进步和真空开关触头结构研究上所取得的突破，1961年，开始生产15千伏、分断电流为12.5千安的真空断路器。1966年试制成15千伏、26千安和31.5千安的真空断路器，从而使真空断路器进入了高电压、大容量的电力系统。80年代中期，真空断路器的分断能力已达100千安。 中国从1958年开始研制真空开关，1960年西安交通大学和西安开关整流器厂共同研制成第一批6.7千伏、分断能力为600安的真空开关;随后又制成10千伏、分断能力为 1.5千安的三相真空开关。1969年华光电子管厂和西安高压电器研究所制成了 10千伏、2千安单相快速真空开关。70年代以后，中国已能独立研制和生产各种规格的真空开关。
In 1893, Moorhouse, the US, put forward a simple vacuum interrupter and obtained a design patent. In 1920, the Swedish switchboard made its first vacuum switch. The research results published in 1926 also show the possibility of splitting the current in the vacuum, but because of the small breaking capacity and the limitation of the development level of vacuum technology and vacuum material, it is still unable to be put into practice. With the development of vacuum technology, the first batch of vacuum switches used to cut off capacitor banks and other special requirements were made in 50s in the United States, and the breaking current was still at the level of 4 thousand an. Due to the progress in the technology of vacuum material smelting and the breakthrough in the research of the structure of the vacuum switch contact, in 1961, a vacuum circuit breaker with 15 thousand volts and a broken current of 12 thousand and 500 an was produced. In 1966, the vacuum circuit breakers were manufactured into 15 thousand volts, 26 thousand safety valves and 31 thousand and 500 safety valves, so that the vacuum circuit breakers entered a high-voltage and large capacity power system. In the mid 80s, the breaking capacity of the vacuum circuit breaker reached 100 thousand. China has developed a vacuum switch in 1958. In 1960, Xi'an Jiao Tong University and the Xi'an switch rectifier plant developed the first batch of the first batch of 6 thousand and 700 VOLTS and the breaking capacity of 600 an. Then, a three-phase vacuum switch with 10 thousand volts and a breaking capacity of 1 thousand and 500 is made. In 1969, Huaguang electronic tube factory and Xi'an high voltage electrical apparatus Institute made 10 thousand volt and 2 thousand phase single phase fast vacuum switches. Since 70s, China has been able to independently develop and produce various specifications of vacuum switches.
A brief history of the development of vacuum circuit breaker
1893年，美国的里顿豪斯提出了结构简单的真空灭弧室，并获得了设计专利。1920年瑞典佛加公司第一次制成了真空开关。1926年等公布的研究成果也显示了在真空中分断电流的可能性，但因分断能力小，又受到真空技术和真空材料发展水平的限制，尚不能投入实际使用。随着真空技术的发展，50年代美国才制成第一批适用于切断电容器组等特殊要求的真空开关,分断电流尚停在4千安的水平。由于真空材料冶炼技术上的进步和真空开关触头结构研究上所取得的突破，1961年，开始生产15千伏、分断电流为12.5千安的真空断路器。1966年试制成15千伏、26千安和31.5千安的真空断路器，从而使真空断路器进入了高电压、大容量的电力系统。80年代中期，真空断路器的分断能力已达100千安。 中国从1958年开始研制真空开关，1960年西安交通大学和西安开关整流器厂共同研制成第一批6.7千伏、分断能力为600安的真空开关;随后又制成10千伏、分断能力为 1.5千安的三相真空开关。1969年华光电子管厂和西安高压电器研究所制成了 10千伏、2千安单相快速真空开关。70年代以后，中国已能独立研制和生产各种规格的真空开关。
In 1893, Moorhouse, the US, put forward a simple vacuum interrupter and obtained a design patent. In 1920, the Swedish switchboard made its first vacuum switch. The research results published in 1926 also show the possibility of splitting the current in the vacuum, but because of the small breaking capacity and the limitation of the development level of vacuum technology and vacuum material, it is still unable to be put into practice. With the development of vacuum technology, the first batch of vacuum switches used to cut off capacitor banks and other special requirements were made in 50s in the United States, and the breaking current was still at the level of 4 thousand an. Due to the progress in the technology of vacuum material smelting and the breakthrough in the research of the structure of the vacuum switch contact, in 1961, a vacuum circuit breaker with 15 thousand volts and a broken current of 12 thousand and 500 an was produced. In 1966, the vacuum circuit breakers were manufactured into 15 thousand volts, 26 thousand safety valves and 31 thousand and 500 safety valves, so that the vacuum circuit breakers entered a high-voltage and large capacity power system. In the mid 80s, the breaking capacity of the vacuum circuit breaker reached 100 thousand. China has developed a vacuum switch in 1958. In 1960, Xi'an Jiao Tong University and the Xi'an switch rectifier plant developed the first batch of the first batch of 6 thousand and 700 VOLTS and the breaking capacity of 600 an. Then, a three-phase vacuum switch with 10 thousand volts and a breaking capacity of 1 thousand and 500 is made. In 1969, Huaguang electronic tube factory and Xi'an high voltage electrical apparatus Institute made 10 thousand volt and 2 thousand phase single phase fast vacuum switches. Since 70s, China has been able to independently develop and produce various specifications of vacuum switches.
