合理选择高压真空断路器的电气寿命

Reasonably select the electric life of high voltage vacuum circuit breaker

高压真空断路器的电气寿命是指设备技术条件中规定的和型式试验中实际进行的满（负荷）容量开断次数。但由于在实际应用中，高压真空断路器触头是不能维修和更换的，所以要求高压真空断路器有足够高的电气寿命是很有必要的。

The electrical life of a high-voltage vacuum breaker refers to the full (load) capacity interrupting times as specified in the equipment technical conditions and in the type test. However, in practical applications, the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker contacts can not be maintained and replaced, so it is necessary to require high voltage vacuum circuit breaker to have high enough electrical life.

新一代真空灭弧室采用了纵向磁场电极和铜铬触头材料。纵向磁场电极成倍的降低了短路/开断电流作用下的电弧电压。为使电弧在触头表面尽可能均匀分布，铜铬触头材料降低了单位电弧能量所造成的触头烧损量。这两者的有机结合，使得高压真空断路器的电气寿命有了突破性的提高。当前，我国高压真空断路器在开断/闭合能力等方面的性能是比较高的，也是比较稳定的。

A new type of vacuum interrupter is made of longitudinal magnetic field electrode and copper chromium contact material. The longitudinal magnetic field electrode reduces the arc voltage under short-circuit / breaking current. In order to make the arc uniformly distributed on the surface of the contact, the copper chromium contact material reduces the contact burn loss caused by the unit arc energy. The combination of the two makes the electrical life of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker a breakthrough improvement. At present, the performance of high voltage vacuum circuit breaker in our country is relatively high and stable.

我国早期高压真空断路器电气寿命只有30次，运行最长的已有20余年，在电力系统至今还没有发现高压真空断路器因为短路/开断电流的电气寿命问题而退役，也没有发现因为短路/开断电流的电气寿命短导致事故发生，这就充分说明这些高压真空断路器基本上能够满足电力系统对于短路/开断电流电气寿命的要求。所以，高压真空断路器的短路/开断电流电气寿命并不要求越高越好。

China's early high voltage vacuum circuit breaker electrical life only 30 times, the longest running for more than 20 years, in the power system have not yet found a high voltage vacuum circuit breaker because short / open problem off current electrical life and retired, have not been found because of short circuit / electrical life off current short lead to accidents, this full description of these high voltage vacuum circuit breaker can basically meet the needs of the power system for short circuit breaking current / electrical life requirements. Therefore, the high voltage vacuum breaker short-circuit / break current, electrical life does not require the higher the better.